abstract：:Marine sediments accumulate a variety of contaminants and, in some cases, demonstrate toxicity because of this contamination. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods provide tools for identifying the toxic chemicals causing sediment toxicity. Currently, whole-sediment TIE methods are not available for anionic...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Burgess RM,Perron MM,Cantwell MG,Ho KT,Pelletier MC,Serbst JR,Ryba SA

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The results of the present study have demonstrated the utility of an estrogen receptor (ER) competitive ligand-binding assay, a hepatocyte vitellogenin (VTG) induction bioassay, and an ER reporter gene bioassay in characterizing the activity of model estrogen agonists (17beta-estradiol [E2], ethynylestradiol, and nony...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Marlatt VL,Hewitt LM,Van Der Kraak G

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adsorption of organic compounds onto hard carbon constituents of soils and sediments may be described by a dual Langmuir-like equation for adsorption onto high-energy sites and low-energy sites. To describe quantitatively the sorbate-sorbent interactions on these high-energy sites and low-energy sites, Gibbs free ener...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： van Noort PC

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is used worldwide in freshwater pond aquaculture for treatment and prevention of waterborne external parasitic, bacterial, and fungal diseases. Nevertheless, KMnO4 has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and insufficient information exists to allow evaluation of t...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hobbs MS,Grippo RS,Farris JL,Griffin BR,Harding LL

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Huge aggregations of flightless locust nymphs pose a serious threat to agriculture when they reach plague proportions but provide a very visible and nutritious resource for native birds. Locust outbreaks occur in spring and summer months in semiarid regions of Australia. Fenitrothion, an organophosphate pesticide, is ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Fildes K,Astheimer LB,Story P,Buttemer WA,Hooper MJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the quantitative comparison of solubilities or vapor pressures of homologous series, the variation in the effect of crystal structure on solid properties may substantially influence the outcome of the comparison. Usually, the effect of this variation is eliminated by comparing values of the liquid state. The ratio ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Van Noort PC

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radiotracer technique was used to assess the influences of sediment-metal contact time or aging (up to two years) on the bioavailability and geochemical speciation of Cd and Zn in sediments. Bioavailability was quantified by measuring the assimilation efficiency of metals in two deposit-feeding invertebrates (sipu...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Zhong H,Wang WX

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The uptake of Se by the freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the subsequent transfer to the Asiatic clam Corbicula fluminea was investigated. The objective was to investigate the bioavailability of algal-bound Se for C. fluminea while taking into account Se speciation and bivalve ventilation. First, uptake ra...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Fournier E,Adam C,Massabuau JC,Garnier-Laplace J

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six-month-old lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) were injected intraperitoneally with beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) in corn oil or in vehicle alone. Liver samples were taken and stored at -80 degrees C until microsome preparation and monooxygenase assay. Skin samples were placed...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Melancon MJ,Kutay AL,Woodin BR,Stegeman JJ

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate statistical methods for estimating 95% upper confidence limits of mean constituent concentrations for left-censored data with nonuniform detection limits. Two primary scenarios were evaluated: data sets with 15 to 50% nondetected samples and data sets with 51 to 80% nondet...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sinha P,Lambert MB,Trumbull VL

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have found a correlation between organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and declines in amphibian populations. We evaluated the hypothesis that this relationship is driven by behavioral changes in developing larvae. Specifically, we examined how exposure to a common OP pesticide, chlorpyrifos, influenc...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Widder PD,Bidwell JR

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of seasonal changes in water conditions and parameters on several major pharmacologically active compounds (PhACs) and s-triazine herbicides was assessed in the wastewater and sewage treatment plant (WSTP) effluent as well as the downstream surface water from sites on the Canadian side of the upper Detro...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hua WY,Bennett ER,Maio XS,Metcalfe CD,Letcher RJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the urgent need for ecologically relevant toxicity tools specific to estuarine systems, the main goal of the present study was to develop and evaluate the potential of an in situ algal assay for estuarine sediment-overlying water toxicity evaluations using the microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum immobilized in a...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Moreira SM,Guilhermino L,Ribeiro R

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More or less well-defined mixtures of antibiotics used in aquacultures may be distributed in the aquatic environment. Therefore, a systematic mixture ecotoxicity study was performed with the aquaculture antibiotics oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, erythromycin, florfenicol, and flumequine. Test organisms were freshwate...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Christensen AM,Ingerslev F,Baun A

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicities of chemical mixtures containing 10 compounds, detected in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, were investigated using Daphnia magna in a two-step prediction (TSP) model. The 10 chemicals determined by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry in WWTP effluents included three groups: Three acetylcho...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Ra JS,Lee BC,Chang NI,Kim SD

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three methods for estimating the octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) based on its relationship with capacity factors on reversed-phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns were compared in terms of their applicability to highly hydrophobic compounds (HHCs). Methods based on simple isocratic...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hayward SJ,Lei YD,Wania F

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) petroleum crude oil was used to generate NIST water-accommodated hydrocarbon fractions (WAFs) for standardized assessment of crude oil effects on the copepod Amphiascus tenuiremis. Effects were assessed using a 96-well microplate, full life-cycle test. Bri...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Bejarano AC,Chandler GT,He L,Cary TL,Ferry JL

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of point-source and diffuse discharges on resident populations of brown bullhead catfish (Ameiurus nebulosus (LeSueur, 1819)) in the Waikato River (New Zealand) were assessed at sites both upstream and downstream of point-source discharges. At each site, the population parameters, relative abundance, age s...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： West DW,Ling N,Hicks BJ,Tremblay LA,Kim ND,Van den Heuvel MR

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquatic organisms can take up toxicants from water (aqueous exposure) and from food (dietary exposure), yet current environmental regulations often fail to consider the toxic effects of dietary exposure. Such unrealistic exposure scenarios may lead to ineffective water-quality standards or discharge consents that fail...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wilding J,Maltby L

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of hydrophobic organic contaminants in zooplankton have been hypothesized to be governed by either near-equilibrium partitioning with surrounding water, growth dilution, or biomagnification. Concentrations of 17 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in size-fractionated zooplankton, in phytopla...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sobek A,Reigstad M,Gustafsson O

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the effects of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE) on the thyroid and steroid-metabolizing system in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr. Fish were exposed to waterborne DDE and thyroxine (T4), both singly and in combination, for 5 d. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSHbeta), ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Mortensen AS,Arukwe A

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of exposure-water pH on chemical uptake at rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gills were investigated for nine weakly acidic, chlorinated phenols with different ionization constants and hydrophobicities and for a moderately hydrophobic, nonionizable reference chemical (1,2,4-trichlorobenzene). Uptake rates fo...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Erickson RJ,McKim JM,Lien GJ,Hoffman AD,Batterman SL

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimenters in toxicology often compare the concentration-response relationship between two distinct populations using the median lethal concentration (LC50). This comparison is sometimes done by calculating the 95% confidence interval for the LC50 for each population, concluding that no significant difference exist...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wheeler MW,Park RM,Bailer AJ

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of literature regarding sublethal and chronic toxicity of heavy metals to early life stages of marine species is restricted to a few species of invertebrate mollusks. The early life stage of abalone, an important gastropod both environmentally and commercially, has been involved in limited research in...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Gorski J,Nugegoda D

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxic effects of many persistent organic pollutants (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls or polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans) are mediated via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Although polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives also activate AhR, their toxic effects remain to be fully el...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sovadinová I,Bláha L,Janosek J,Hilscherová K,Giesy JP,Jones PD,Holoubek I

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Locomotor performance is an important fitness-related trait in reptiles because of its potential influence on prey capture and predator avoidance. Because cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides disrupt neuromuscular signaling, reduction in performance seems to be a logical translation of this biochemical disruption to t...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hopkins WA,Winne CT

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laboratory-based algal assays were developed to explore the bioavailability of copper to the marine alga Thalassiosira weissflogii. A calibration strategy was developed that avoided use of the synthetic ligand ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the Aquil growth medium, thereby allowing ambient metal speciation....

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Karner DA,Shafer MM,Overdier JT,Hemming JD,Sonzogni WC

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insectivorous passerines often bioaccumulate polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) via trophic transfer processes. Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) frequently are used for estimating PCB bioaccumulation, yet the focus on specific trophic links between contaminated sediment and bird has been limited. Bioaccumulation of P...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Maul JD,Belden JB,Schwab BA,Whiles MR,Spears B,Farris JL,Lydy MJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A theoretical analysis was performed to examine the role of naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) enzymes in determining differences in biodegradability and biodegradation rates of two- to four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) via oxygenation and desaturation reactions. Investigation of the thermodynamics of PAH b...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wammer KH,Peters CA

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A systematic comparison of Cu toxicity thresholds was made between freshly spiked soils and soils in which elevated Cu concentrations have been present for various times. Three uncontaminated soils were spiked and experimentally leached or incubated outdoors for up to 18 months. Additionally, five field-contaminated s...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Oorts K,Bronckaers H,Smolders E

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing ecological soil screening levels (Eco-SSLs) for the ecological risk assessment of contaminants at Superfund sites. The Eco-SSLs for several soil contaminants have been developed from toxicity benchmarks for soil invertebrates in the existing literature. Insufficie...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Kuperman RG,Checkai RT,Simini M,Phillips CT,Speicher JA,Barclift DJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of metal release from the solid phase to solution was measured on two sets of 14 freshly contaminated soils with diverse properties. From measurements of metal concentrations in extracted soil pore water, the amount accumulated from the soil by diffusive gradients in thin-film (DGT) devices, and the distr...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Zhang H,Davison W,Tye AM,Crout NM,Young SD

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atlantic tomcod from the Hudson River, USA, are resistant to cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA induction and early life stage toxicities induced by coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins but not polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We sought to determine if basal expression or inducibili...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Roy NK,Courtenay SC,Chambers RC,Wirgin II

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured in gastropods from the Lagoon of Venice, Italy. The visceral coil and the rest of the soft body of organisms (Hexaplex trunculus) sampled at two stations inside the lagoon and three ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Maran C,Centanni E,Pellizzato F,Pavoni B

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The risk to adjacent aquatic systems posed by leachates from scrap tires used in engineering applications has not been characterized adequately. Toxicity testing, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), and groundwater modeling were used to determine the circumstances under which tire shreds could be used as roadbed...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sheehan PJ,Warmerdam JM,Ogle S,Humphrey DN,Patenaude SM

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aerobic soil metabolism of uniconazole-P ([S]-E-1-[4-chlorophenyl]-4,4-dimethyl-2-[1,2,4-triazole-1-yl]-penten-3-ol) and the effect of illumination on metabolic profiles were studied in the water-sediment system when spiked to water. Uniconazole-P was gradually partitioned to the sediment with an aquatic half-life of ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Kodaka R,Sugano T,Katagi T

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rate constant bioaccumulation models are applied to simulate the flow of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in the coastal marine food web of Frierfjorden, a contaminated fjord in southern Norway. We apply two different ways to parameterize the rate constants in the model, global sensitivity...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Saloranta TM,Andersen T,Naes K

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations were conducted to determine acute (48-h) effects of cadmium and zinc presented individually and in combination on Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, Daphnia ambigua, and Daphnia pulex. Toxicity tests were conducted with single metals to determine lethal effects concentrations (lethal concentrations pred...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Shaw JR,Dempsey TD,Chen CY,Hamilton JW,Folt CL

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In static renewal experiments, we studied how developmental stage influences the effect of ammonium nitrate on embryonic and larval stages of anuran amphibians. The observed lethal effects caused by ammonium nitrate increased with both concentration and duration of exposure. Significant differences were observed in se...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Ortiz-Santaliestra ME,Marco A,Fernández MJ,Lizana M

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mining of the world's second-largest nickel deposits in the area of Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, has caused acidification and metal saturation of some catchments. We conducted artificial stream studies in the years 2001 and 2002 to assess the effects of treated metal mine effluents (MMEs) from three different mining oper...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Dubé MG,MacLatchy DL,Hruska KA,Glozier NE

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00